responses to maximising land use

Advantages of mixed land use:
As that particular plot of land has many purposes, be it commercial, industrial or residential. all of them are assosiated in that plot of congested land. If shops and modes of transports like the buses and trains are separated quite far away from residential estates, it would be quite inconvenient for the citizens to actually walk quite a long distance to that particular mode of transport they would want to take and then to their destination. For the convenience and the welfare of the people, Singapore govenment has considered that this plan not only helps to save land space for other uses but it actually also considers the welfare of the citizens. That way, the stall owners and shopkeepers need not worry about the lack of customers and no income and the citizens and residents could also purchase items in much more convenience.

Disadvantages of mixed land use:
1) environmental impairments from increasing land consumption and traffic congestion resulting from the growing distance between the different functions and the loss of pedestrian accessibility

2) Loss of urbanity: urban centres declining relative to fringe

3) Monotony: neglect of traditional urban layouts and a shift of concentration from the outer to the interior design of the buildings have caused deficiency in urban forms like the lack of public space

4) Loss of attractiveness of city-centres and deterioration of the spectrum and quality of shops and services.

5) social problems such as growing disparities between urban districts and difficulties for some non-motorised group to participate in public life.

Advantages of high-density buildings:

Transport: promote public transportation and reduce the need for, and the length of public cars. This would then help to reduce air pollution and do our part for global warming.

Infrasturcture: =reduce street length needed to accomodate a given number of inhabitants.
=shorten the length of infrastructure facilities such as water supply and sewage lines, reducing the energy needed for pumping.

Thermal performance: =reduce overall area of the building's envelope and heat loss from the buildings.
=shading among buildings could reduce solar exposure of buildings during the summer period.

Energy systems:district cooling and heating system, which is usually more energy efficient, more feasible as density is higher

Ventilation:a desirable air flow pattern around buildings may be obtained by proper arrangement of high-rise building blocks

Disadvantages of high-density buildings:
Transport: congestion in urban areas reduces fuel efficiency of vehicles

Verical transportation: high-rise buildings involve lifts, thus increasing the need for electricity for the vertical transportation

Ventilation: a concentration of high rise and large buildings may impede the urban ventilation conditions

Urban heat island: heat released and trapped in urban areas may increase the need for air conditioners

Natural lighting: the potential for natural lighting is generally reduced for high-density areas, increasing the need for electric lighting and the load on air conditioning to remove the heat resulting from the electric lighting.

Use of solar energy: roof and exposed areas for collection of solar energy are limited